All about Education
For now, I will talking
about education in Denmark and Indonesia.
What is definition of Education?
According
to Ki Hajar Dewantoro ( the father of
education in Indonesia) said that the notion of education is the guidance of
growing and developing children. Its mean that education is an effort to guide
the natural strength of children, so that, they are able to grow and develop as
humans and as members of society who can achieve salvation and happiness in
their lives.
Firstly, I will talking about education
in Denmark
Education in Denmark
Denmark is one of the
best education in the world. Education in Denmark is compulsory for all to
receive education for 9 years, obtaining a certain minimum standard. Education in Denmark requires
certain freedoms. Teachers can create their own curriculum, select materials in
their own policies, even to introduce into their developmental education
process. Also, the government help
finance education in Denmark, so it’s become cheaper. However, for international
students, finance of education is expensive. Therefore, Denmark provides many
schoolarships.
Levels of Education In
Denmark :
Pre-School
Before children is
going to basic education, they attend to daycare and kindergarten. But, it’s
optional.
Daycare (0-3 years of age), Its main activity is
caring for children and instilling daily routines that will be the basis of
activities.
Kindergarten (3-6 years), Children have not been
taught to read and write. Activities focused on activities to develop motor, language and social skills of children, such as playing, tell stories and walk
around together.
Basic Education
In Denmrak, primary and lower secondary (9 years).
Its start for children from 7 years old to 16 years old. The schools work strictly
with parents, and build their approach on child-centered learning.
Grades : 1-9 ⇒ There is option until
grade 10, if students not ready to continue academy of high school. The basic
education method is directed to the students to have confidence and
independence.
In this level, there are
no tests until grade 8, only the assignments of duties. They already use
information technology, so children and teacher can give assigments on
internet. So that, parents can see their assigments. Also, in this level is focus
to development of children's social
skills and prepare them to be members of a society who truly understand
the rights and responsibility.
Middle Education
1) Upper Secondary Education
Gymnasium
= 3 years
Education
of Gymnasium offers 3 choices of study directions, there are language, science
and creative studies. Students also can combine the lessons of the three
fields. The curriculum in these schools contains practice and theoretical, but
the main focus is theoretical. Because the purpose of this education is to
prepare students for continuing education to university or college.
2) Vocational Education And Training = 3 years
The
consists of curriculum is practices and theoreticals, but practice is the main
focus. There
are business colleges and technical schools. Students are educated and trained
for work. Vocational
Education Diploma can be used to continue short-term education at professional
academy or college (with the same field).
Higher
Education
Bachelor and Master programs
are usually integrated, total education is 5 years.
ü Bachelor (3-4 years)
ü Master (2 years)
ü Phd (3 years)
Adult
Education
Its can for all ages, the fuction
is to empower adults to participate equally in Denmark democratic society.
1) Formal : vocational and general adult
education and concluding with formal exams
2) Non-formal : focusing on individual choice and
lack of grades and exams
So, how is about Education in
Indonesia?
Education in Indonesia
Compared to Denmark, quality of education in
Indonesia is still low and not going
well. Also,
the quality of Indonesian human resources is ranked the lowest. This happens
because education in Indonesia has not been able to function optimally. In
indonesia, there are still have problems, such as equalization od education,
finance of education and more.
To improve education in
Indonesia, an education system is needed that is responsive to changes and
demands of the times. The improvements were carried out all level of education.
Indonesia uses to the National Education System. However, the National
Education System still can’t be implemented properly.
In other hand, levels
of education between Denmark and Indonesia are same, it’s from pre-school to higher
education.
Different from Denmark, in Indonesia, students have to study for 12 years.
Levels of Education in Indonesia :
Pre-school (2 years)
Pre-school education which is known also as kindergarten had
a one or two year duration. Based on the legislation of the time Kindergarten
was only referred to as one of the types of school, and it was not stated that
pre-school education was the prerequisite for entering primary school.
Primary Education (6 years)
In Primary School
is 6 years . Most elementary schools are government controlled.
Middle Education (3 years) = Junior High School
Junior High School offers
a bridge between the gentler pace of the elementary phase, and the challenges
of senior high school that may follow. It also assists educators to determine a
possible future direction for their students.
Secondary Education (3 years)
There are two
different kinds of Indonesian high schools providing two streams of education
for those who choose to optionally enrol.
ü Upper Secondary
Education : this is aimed at those who intend to go on to university.
ü Vocational
And Training Education : this is for those
who plan to find jobs right away.
Higher
Education
Higher education is a level of education after secondary
education which includes diploma, undergraduate, master, specialist and
doctoral education programs organized by universities. Higher education is
organized with an open system. Universities can take the form of academies,
polytechnics, high schools, institutes, or universities. Also, indonesia has
many universities.
ü Diploma : 3 years
ü Bachelor : 4 years
ü Magister : 2 years
ü Doctor : 2 years
Non-Formal Education
One of the purpose is to provides individuals with an opportunity to develop knowledge
and skills required to work and generate an income.
Courses are organized at the basic, middle, and
advanced level. Groups studying "Packet A" are organized to obtain an
educational level equivalent to the primary school level. Groups studying
"Packet B" are organized to obtain the equivalent of the junior high
school level of education.
References :
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